1110.5126 (Fred Cooper et al.)

Composite-Field Goldstone States and Higgs Mechanism in Dilute Bose
Gases    [PDF]

Fred Cooper, Chih-Chun Chien, Bogdan Mihaila, John F. Dawson, Eddy Timmermans

We show that a composite-field (diatom) Goldstone state is expected in a
dilute Bose gas for temperatures between the Bose gas critical temperature
where the atom Bose-Einstein condensate appears and the temperature where
superfluidity sets in. The presence of superfluidity is tied to the existence
of a U(1) charge-two diatom condensate in the system. By promoting the global
U(1) symmetry of the theory to a gauge symmetry, we find that the mass of the
gauge particle generated through the Anderson-Higgs mechanism is related to the
superfluid density via the Meissner effect and the superfluid density is
related to the square of the anomalous density in the Bose system.

View original: http://arxiv.org/abs/1110.5126