1302.2445 (Yong-Kai Liu et al.)

Half-knot in the spinor condensates    [PDF]

Yong-Kai Liu, Shi-Jie Yang

We present an exact solution to the stationary coupled nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equations which govern the motion of the spinor Bose-Einstein condensates. The solitonic solution is a twisted half-skyrmion in the three-dimension (3D) space. By making a map from and the Cartesian coordinates to the toroidal coordinates, we demonstrate it is a linked half-unknot with a fractional Hopf charge.

View original: http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.2445